MSs, the two-dimensional (2D) analog of metamaterials, have attracted significant attention due to their unprecedented ability to control incident electromagnetic fields in the subwavelength regime. Metasurfaces (MSs) and photonics integrated circuits (PICs) are currently the two mature nanophotonics platforms to manipulate light in many on-chip and free-space applications, respectively. However, to beat the fingerprints of electronics, i. e., integrability and reprogrammability, photonics needs to evolve into the next generation of miniaturized systems incorporating reconfigurable platforms with adjustable properties to fully manipulate the key features of photons, the information carrier in photonic platforms. Despite the striking progress of electronics in data processing and storage as well as logic operations, photonic platforms are preferred for information transportation, mostly because of the higher speed and larger bandwidth. In recent years, an ever-increasing competition has arisen between two exciting technologies, i. e., electronics and photonics, to realize ubiquitous functionalities from imaging and communication to sensing and medicine. Keywords: phase-change materials reconfigurability metasurfaces photonic integrated circuits deep learning 1 Introduction The review is concluded by discussing existing challenges in the realization of adjustable nanophotonics and a perspective on the possible developments in this promising area. The emerging deep learning-based approaches for the optimization of reconfigurable MSs and the analysis of light-matter interactions are also discussed. We outline the unique material properties, structural transformation, and thermo-optic effects of well-established classes of chalcogenide PCMs. In this review, we discuss state-of-the-art developments as well as emerging trends in tunable MSs and PICs using chalcogenide PCMs. Integration of non-volatile chalcogenide PCMs with unique properties such as drastic optical contrasts, fast switching speeds, and long-term stability grants substantial reconfiguration to the more conventional static nanophotonic platforms.

In order to enable nanophotonics with multipurpose functionalities, chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) have been introduced as a promising platform for tunable and reconfigurable nanophotonic frameworks.

Metasurfaces (MSs) and photonic integrated circuits (PICs) enable the realization of mass-producible, cost-effective, and efficient flat optical components for imaging, sensing, and communications. Nanophotonics has garnered intensive attention due to its unique capabilities in molding the flow of light in the subwavelength regime.

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